BREXIT, British Exit, was a path by which the United Kingdom decided to leave the European Union and become totally independent from it. The divorce was decided in a referendum in 2016 and the exit ended on January 1, 2021.
The 23 June 2016 took place the United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, commonly referred to as the EU referendum or the Brexit referendum. The referendum resulted in 51.9% of the votes cast being in favour of leaving the EU.
After 47 years in the EU, British citizens decided to leave from the Union and go ahead alone.
The 29 March 2017 the British Parliament decided to invoke the Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union. After this notification on 19 June 2017 the negotiations formally opened.
The article 50 states the formal procedure that a Country must follow to withdraw voluntary from EU.
The treaty also provides for a transition period of maximum 2 years in which the community rules are applied in order to allow the creation of an exit agreement.
The period can be extended with the unanimity of the EU states.
United Kingdom formally leaves EU on 1st February 2020, but they keep in Shenghen Area until the establish the trade agreement treaty. The definitive exit date was delayed until December 2020 to allow the TCA (EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement).
The negotiation takes more than 2 years, the 27 of EU were represented by the chief negotiator Michel Barnier, the UK was rapresented by Lord David Frost. On 24 December 2020 they found an agreement that would satisfy both sides: North Ireland keep to be in European Trade Area to avoid borders problems, and the european union maintains preferential routes for the passage of goods to the united kingdom, limiting customs problems.
Another point of the agreement is the fishing in the English Channel, the UK allowes, but limited the fishing for five years. So it will be re-negotiated.
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